Art
Contemporary abstract visual artist
Paintings & Sculpture
Expressing both ancient & contemporary manifestations of Africa's traditions & culture
Come with me.
I’ll take you on a journey with Robert Slingsby,
through the twists and turns of his art career,
into his art, into his obsession with the Richtersveld,
the rock art, the Nama people, their future, his future,
to the place where Robert's art & the rock art cohabit,
a place of profound pleasure and pain, a place which found him
inadvertently caught in crossfire with a target on his back.
Historical blind spot | Part II
Decoding evidence through 'cui bono, who benefits?'
In my introduction – The past determines the future – I set out the steps taken to reach the realisation that Robert Slingsby is an artist caught in crossfire and a target on his back. In Part I From the Vrije (Art) Academie to the Richtersveld Rock Art the Vrije (Art) Academie to the Richtersveld Rock Art, I give crucial background and context for this essay Decoding the evidence, 'cut bono, who benefits? It's crucial that you do first read Part I - linked here.
This essay serves as a stand-alone example of Slingsby's encounter with what Graham Hancock dubbed in Supernatural (Pg 213) an "academic mugging". The section heading "How not to be the victim of an academic mugging" the "academic mugging" South African archaeologist, Professor Lewis-Williams received when publishing his revolutionary theory on the association between rock art and shamanism.
In Slingsby's case, the "academic mugging"took the form of an essay published in an academic publication. Cloaked in the guise of scholarly analysis, the author used Slingsby as an example of a contemporary artist referencing rock art, weaponised to dismiss Slingsby’s work and elevate the editor’s agenda. For the past (almost) three decades, we've assumed the "academic mugging" to be an unhinged, personal attack. The fallout has had catastrophic consequences to Slingsby's credibility and career in relation to his decades of research into the Richtersveld rock art (in particular) and traditional African art and artists, both contemporary and ancient, as well as contemporary autochthonous African communities - clearly placing a target on his back. However, three months of research into the destruction of the Richtersveld rock art sites, resulted in evidence supporting a more sinister explanation.
Given that Slingsby has never ceased his quest to record the enigmatic Richtersveld petroglyphs, as well as having a profound influence on his art, this essay serves as an opportunity to rebut the author's erroneous, derogatory statements.
I aim to demonstrate that the "academic mugging" against Slingsby, was neither random nor unintentional. I arrived at this conclusion when research into University of the Witwatersrand, Professor David Lewis-William's "academic mugging', revealed a common denominator, raising a red flag. I have only scratched the surface of identifying yet further individuals, who have experienced similar "academic muggings"with the same common denominator, never out front, clearly using others to do the dirty work. Perhaps, in finally finding the time to accumulate factual evidence and courage to 'come out' after years of career abuse, hopefully others similarly silenced, will too; a 'me too' for survivors of unjustified "academic muggings".
In Robert’s case, his preoccupation with traditional art of Africa, both ancient and contemporary, in particular the Richtersveld petroglyphs, found he’d unwittingly wandered into a gangland-like, academic turf-war, seeking to seize ownership of their area of interest. His unique characteristics of being both a practising artist and having an interest in rock art, was in direct conflict and apparently posed a serious threat. Every single major exhibition Slingsby has held in South Africa, has sustained a similar "mugging". Without exception, the common denominator is hiding in plain sight, using hatchet men to do the dirty work. What provokes this ill-perceived threat and degree of rivalry? Is it territorial ownership? Is it a desperate pursuit of "self aggrandisement", power, glory, legacy and access to privilege?
With mounting evidence at hand, the guiding principle of 'cui bone, who benefits', meant I was able to connect the dots. To be honest, nothing that we already knew emerged. What did emerge was a web, who were the culprits, who were the hatchet men, the relationship between superiors and subordinates, the role of hereditary privilege, the role of white privilege and ultimately, gatekeepers, outsiders, insiders and the reason for Robert as target.
Dowson’s Accusations - Who's standards are imperialist and must surely be unacceptable today?
Slingsby receives an "academic mugging" by author T Dowson in Miscast, edited by P Skotnes
Within two reductive paragraphs, Dowson accused all (except for P Skotnes) who reference rock art as “reinforcing racist stereotypes”, “insensitively lifting”, “appropriating ethnographic objects for their own self-aggrandisement”, “ignoring original cultural context”, “for art imperialists the context was unimportant”. He rounds the paragraph off with his personalised Slingsby "mugging" stating “But this kind of use of rock art in contemporary art continues and must surely be unacceptable today” saying “I focus on a recent example to demonstrate this. Robert Slingsby”.
Dowson then selects a single artwork ‘Gateway’ as an example for further attack. He concludes his "mugging" of Slingsby with “One South African artist's work does, I strongly believe, stands out from this imperialist tradition of simply re-producing and renaming images and placing them in another context. Pippa Skotnes, over the last few years, ........”
He then embarks on an illustrated, lengthy and deep analysis of Skotnes’s portfolio of etchings, included on her funded, Standard Bank Young Artist Award exhibition at Grahamstown Festival!
Edited by Pippa Skotnes.......
Graphic exercise to illustrate an "academic mugging"
As a point of departure, I thought I’d present a graphic metaphor.
Considering the images in relation to the extract from Dowson's essay below, I challenge you to decide which of the art works below is being referenced. While you read the extract by T Dowson in Miscast, published by University of Cape Town Press, please bear in mind that, as editor, P Skotnes is implicated in selecting and directing Dowson as contributor. Dowson wrote the essay without having interviewed Robert, excluding information he was fully aware of detailed in Part I. The full extent of Dowson’s omissions and my analysis follow in this essay.
Thomas Dowson extract
Re-production and Consumption: The Use of Rock Art Imagery in Southern Africa Today
Published in Miscast, curated and edited by Pippa Skotnes
I have bold formatted text to take note of..
Setting the record straight
David Pearce, Rock Art Research Institute, University of the Witwatersrand
South African Archaeological Bulletin 62 (185): 79-82, 2007
“In presenting this comment I need to make explicit the point that what I say is entirely remedial. There is no empirical or theoretical issues to discuss. I am simply setting the record straight with regard to misrepresentations that have been made of our work. In presenting this rebuttal, I should not like to mislead readers into believing that this is a legitimate debate concerning the arguments we made. Solomon has advanced no empirical, methodological or theoretical points of relevance to our arguments. I simply correct some of the erroneous statements that she made.”
In referencing Slingsby as the example for the use of rock art by contemporary artists in relation to a single work titled Gateway, it’s what Dowson fails to mention that made me question if this even qualifies as an academic essay. or is simply a personal opinion kes the it a disgrace, questionable, and again, cui bono, who benefits?
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He fails to mention that he did not interview Slingsby, but did interview Skotnes.
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He fails to mention that he compared a single art work of Slingsby in relation to a body of Skotnes’s art, with thorough analysis of Skotnes’s art’s context. This was not done with Slingsby.
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He fails to mention that Slingsby’s art work was at a commercial gallery, Skotnes’s portfolio was part of her Standard Bank Young Artist Award winning Grahamstown Art Festival show, followed by museum tours.
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He fails to mention that he was aware that there was indeed context to Slingsby’s art when exhibited at the Goodman Gallery. Slingsby’s solo exhibition was titled, ‘Trance images of the Richtersveld’, and was opened by his academic superior, University of the Witwatersrand, Professor David Lewis Williams.
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He fails to mention that alongside each work of art, hung an A5 photograph of the original petroglyph.
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He fails to mention that there were hardcopy printouts explaining the latest research of Lewis Williams in relation to the art on exhibition, freely available to viewers.
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He fails to mention that he attended the opening 5 years earlier, therefore knew all of this, yet chose to ignore it.
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He fails to mention that Gateway is a geographical reference, that he visited with Robert Slingsby. It is the translation of the Afrikaans word which identifies where that particular petroglyph is located i.e. at a gateway to Hels se Hekse Poort - direct translation Gateway to Hell, also known as Helskloof.
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He fails to mention that through Robert’s invitation to Lewis Williams to open his Goodman Gallery exhibition, the mutual interest in one another, culminated in Lewis Williams accepting his invitation to show him the Richtersveld petroglyphs, which he’d never seen. While Robert funded himself, Lewis Williams, with a team of junior archaeologists, accompanied him to the Richtersveld. There Thomas Dowson, Sven Ouzman and Geoffrey Blundell were tasked with copying and lifting the most spectacular of petroglyphs which with Slingsby’s comprehensive knowledge of the area, meant they could make best exploit the brief time they had.
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He fails to mention that while Slingsby’s exhibition was then, as it remains to this day, to share and inform viewers about the Richtersveld petroglyphs, & Nama that were neglected in academic research and publications.
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Finally, and most importantly, Dowson fails to mention that Slingsby features only the non-figurative petroglyphs in his art, as Gateway is, not the figurative rock painting as Skotnes did. The point being, while there is endless debate and research into about the interpretation of Bushman rock painting amongst academics such as herself, not a single one of them claims to understand the non-figurative petroglyphs of the Richtersveld. However, Lewis Williams, at the time had a revolutionary academic theory that they were associated with images of the subconscious mind, entirely relevant to Slingsby’s attempt at communicating them as images of power, a title given to a Lewis Williams & Dowson publication in 1989. Why he was usin it
The scale and relevance of Dowson’s omissions, strongly supports my conclusion that Dowson did so intentionally. Furthermore, as editor, the beneficiary of the “academic mugging” Pippa Skotnes, would have read and endorsed it. This draws me to the very serious conclusion, that it was orchestrated by the only person who stood to gain from the “academic mugging”, published in Miscast, namely, Pippa Skotnes.
and edited by Pippa Skotnes
Two decades later...........
I challenged you to decide which was the Slingsby artwork above. The other work? Pippa Skotnes’s 2013 Breath commissioned by the University of Cape Town.
Using Dowson’s text above, please consider the quotes from his essay in relation to Breath.
Skotnes “lifts an engraved image and places” (it) “coloured” glyphs “on a background that bears no resemblance to the original rock surface. There is nothing in the artwork or the title to explain the significance of the brilliant” glyphs…… “we are not challenged to think about this art or it's producers; we are simply
moved by Skotnes’s use of artistic techniques and conventions. Further, the title ‘Breath’ is meaningless unless Skotnes is with us to tell us what it means. The challenging power of the rock art image in Skotnes's piece stops at the aesthetic qualities; but we do know there is more to the art than that”.
Fully transposable without the context he denied Slingsby. Cut bono, who benefits? Not Slingsby